Jessica Valderrama
Discover the essential steps to create the perfect habitat for your hermit crabs with this comprehensive guide.
Choosing the Perfect Size Tank
The size of the tank plays a crucial role in providing a suitable habitat for your hermit crabs. It is recommended to have a tank that can accommodate your hermit crabs. The size tank need will depend on how many crabs you have and how big they are. Our recommendations at basted off molting space, A minimum of 10 gallons for every small to medium hermit crab and 15 gallons for every large to jumbo hermit crab is ideal to allow them enough space to move around and explore and most importantly safely molt. If you are coming home with just one hermit crab the minimum size tank requirement is 20 gallons. plan for the future and go as big as you can, hermit crabs can live over 40 years in captivity if properly cared for.
Places to find Tanks
- Local Pet Stores
- Crag List
- Facebook Marketplace
- Yard Sales
Avoid using small containers or bowls as they do not provide enough space for the crabs to thrive. Additionally, a larger tank allows for better heat and humidity regulation and a more active crab. Ensure the tank has a secure lid and enough room for all the necessary accessories and decorations.
Choose The Proper Lid
Selecting the right lid for your hermit crab tank is essential to prevent escapes and ensure the humidity stays inside the tank. Hermit crabs have modified gill so it essential to sell any mesh lids. It is recommended to use a secure lid made of glass . Opening the tank for feedings and tank maintenance allows enough air circulation while preventing the crabs from climbing out. Make sure the lid fits securely on the tank to prevent any gaps or openings. This will also helps to maintain the desired humidity levels within the tank that our hermit crabs need.
Creating The Proper Substrate
Choosing the right substrate is crucial for the overall well-being of your hermit crabs. The substrate should mimic their natural habitat and provide them with a comfortable and safe environment. A proper mixture of Five parts children's play sand to one part coconut fiber substrate thoroughly mixed is what has worked well for hermit crabs in our enclosures.
Calcium sand can be dangerous for hermit crabs. It can harden in moist environments, Being our crabs require a completely sealed enclosure which can harden in the hermit crabs shells trapping them inside which can lead to unnecessary stress.
All coco fiber substrate can create high humidity and over time with a sealed enclosure will create fungal blooms which are not safe for the crabs.
In order for our hermit crabs to grow they need to shed their exoskeleton. In order to safely do this they need to fully submerge into the substrate,
The substrate should be deep enough for the crabs to dig and molt. Aim for a depth of around 6-10 inches or 3 times the depth of your largest hermit crab, Aim for deeper substrate to ensure your crabs can safely.
SUBSTRATE DEPTH SHOULD BE 3 Times The Depth Of Your Largest Crab
We Would Recommend 8-10 inch To Be Safe.
10 gallons for every small to medium hermit crab and 15 gallons for every large Hermit Crab. (Minimum 20 Gallons Bigger)
When preparing your substrate:
Mixing Sand and Coco Fiber: For every 20 gallons of tank space, use either a full 50-pound bag of sand and one brick of coco fiber, or half of each. Note: Both sand and coco fiber should be mixed dry to avoid excess moisture, which can lead to high humidity and fungal blooms.
Achieving the Right Depth: This amount will yield approximately 6 inches of substrate. For deeper substrate, continue adding sand and coco fiber until you reach at least three times the depth of your largest crab.
Testing Moisture: After mixing to the desired depth, perform a “poke test.” Poke a small hole in the substrate; if it holds its shape, your mix has the right moisture level. If the hole collapses, add dechlorinated water 1/4 cup at a time and retest until the substrate lightly holds the poke test.
Image Created By: Hunter Smith
Providing Proper Lighting and Heating
Hermit crabs require a natural day-night cycle to maintain their biological rhythms. Provide them with a light source that mimics natural daylight. Heat lamps are not recommended they can create hot spots on the substrate You can use a desk lamp a full-spectrum UVB light. or an aquarium light. The light should mimic a 12 hours cycle during the day and a 12 hour night cycle turned off at night.
In addition to lighting, hermit crabs also require proper heating. Use a heat lamp or an under-tank heater to create a warm spot in the tank. This will help them regulate their body temperature and aid in digestion. Ensure the temperature remains within the recommended range.
Monitoring Heat And Humidity
To ensure the health and well-being of your hermit crabs, it is crucial to monitor the heat and humidity levels in their tank. Hermit crabs require a temperature range of 75-85 degrees Fahrenheit and a humidity level of 70-80%. You can use a thermometer and a hygrometer to accurately measure these parameters.
Maintaining the ideal heat and humidity levels can be achieved by using a heat lamp or an under-tank heater to provide warmth and a water dish filled with fresh water to increase humidity. Regularly check the temperature and humidity levels to ensure they are within the recommended range.
Choosing Suitable Decorations and Accessories
Creating a stimulating and enriching environment for your hermit crabs is essential for their well-being. Choose suitable decorations and accessories that mimic their natural habitat. This can include items like rocks, driftwood, shells,, hide and plants.
Ensure that all decorations are safe and do not contain any toxic materials. Avoid using plastic or metal objects that may harm the crabs. Rearrange the decorations periodically to provide new exploration opportunities for the crabs.
Maintaining a Healthy Environment
Regular maintenance is key to keeping your hermit crab habitat healthy. Clean the tank and remove any uneaten food, molts, or waste regularly to prevent bacterial growth. Partial water changes should be done every week to maintain water quality.
Monitor the temperature and humidity levels daily and make adjustments if necessary. Inspect the tank for any signs of damage or wear and tear. Provide fresh food and water daily, and observe your hermit crabs for any signs of illness or stress.
UTH Heat Mat
Hermit crabs have modified gills, meaning they need the right amount of heat and moisture to breathe properly. To achieve this, they should be provided with an Under Tank Heater (UTH) heat mat, which should be attached to the back wall of the enclosure. The heat mat should cover 75% of the back wall and be placed at least 1 inch above the substrate to prevent it from drying out.
Exotic species require higher heat and humidity of 84-85 degrees Fahrenheit and 84-85% humidity.
For optimal heat and humidity, the tank should be fully sealed.
Monitoring Heat And Humidity
It is crucial to monitor the heat and humidity levels in their tank. Hermit crabs require a temperature range of 75-85 degrees Fahrenheit and a humidity level of 75-80%. You can use a thermostat and a hygrometer to accurately measure and control these parameters.
Maintaining the ideal heat and humidity levels can be achieved by using a an under-tank heater to provide warmth. Two pools filled with fresh and marine grade salt water to increase humidity. These are also necessary for the crabs hydration. To keep track of temperature and humidity levels in your tank ensure you thermostat and hygrometer is locked in the correct location.
All digital hydrometers should be calibrated before use.
How to Calibrate Your Hygrometer
Items Needed:
• Small airtight container
• Bottle cap
• Table salt
• A few drops of tap water
Instructions:
1. Place your digital hygrometer inside the small airtight container.
2. Fill the bottle cap with table salt until it reaches the top.
3. Add a few drops of tap water to the salt. You’re aiming for a slushy consistency—if it’s too watery, tip the cap slightly to drain excess water.
4. Place the salt-filled cap inside the airtight container alongside the hygrometer.
5. Seal the container tightly with an airtight lid.
6, Set the container in a stable location where it won’t be disturbed for the next 24 hours.
Important: Do not open the container before the 24-hour mark.
After 24 hours, check the reading on your hygrometer. The ideal humidity level should read 75%. If the reading is lower or higher, you’ll need to adjust accordingly.
Example of Adjusting:
If your hygrometer reads 74% after 24 hours, add 1% to all future readings in your tank. This means when using the hygrometer in your tank, always add 1% to whatever it displays to get an accurate humidity reading.
PROPER PLACEMENT VIDEO
Thermostat Placement
The thermostat helps regulates the temperature of the heat mat. The thermostat comes with a probe that should be positioned near the hygrometer, either in the center of the tank or on one of the side walls about 4 inches above the substrate. This placement ensures the thermostat gets an accurate reading and doesn’t shut off before reaching the correct temperature.
Please note that the readings from the thermostat and hygrometer will differ. Always rely on the hygrometer placed at the center of the tank for the most accurate temperature reading, rather than the thermostat alone.
Pools
Hermit crabs require two types of water pools: one for fresh water and one for marine-grade salt water. It’s essential to treat all water used for hermit crabs with dechlorinating drops to remove chlorine, heavy metals, ammonia, and other harmful chemicals.
You can use Tupperware (double-layered), kritter keepers, or 3D-printed pools for their water. Ensure each pool has a textured bottom and easy entry and exit points. Suitable materials include rocks, flat seashells, coral, artificial plants, or ramps, which provide both traction and accessibility for your hermit crabs.
HIDES AND ENRICHMENT
Hermit crabs are naturally shy, nocturnal creatures that thrive in environments where they feel safe and secure. In the wild, they rely on various hiding spots, shells, plants, and terrain for protection and enrichment, helping them stay healthy and reducing stress. Providing hides, huts, and climbing plants in their habitat not only mimics their natural surroundings but also offers them places to retreat and rest. These elements encourage exploration, climbing, and other natural behaviors, which are crucial for their physical and mental well-being. A well-enriched environment helps hermit crabs feel at ease, promotes activity, and fosters a healthier, happier life in captivity.
The Importance of a healthy diet for hermit crabs
A healthy, balanced diet is essential for hermit crabs because it supports their growth, energy levels, molting process. In the wild, hermit crabs have access to a wide range of natural foods, including fruits, vegetables, meats, and even marine life. This variety provides them with critical nutrients, such as proteins, fats, minerals, and vitamins, all necessary to maintain a healthy exoskeleton, encourage natural behaviors, and promote a long lifespan.
Many pet store foods labeled for hermit crabs, contain preservatives, chemicals, and fillers that can be harmful or even toxic to them. Ingredients like copper sulfate, ethoxyquin, and artificial colors are common additives that may lead to health issues over time, such as stress on the liver, weakened immune function, and a decrease in their natural behavior. Additionally, these foods often lack the natural nutrients hermit crabs require, leading to nutritional deficiencies.
Choosing a varied, natural diet—consisting of items like fresh or dried fruits, leafy greens, proteins, and calcium sources—helps mimic the diversity of their natural habitat. This approach not only supports their health but also enriches their environment by allowing them to forage and enjoy their food, promoting a more natural and rewarding lifestyle.
SAFE NUTRITIONAL HERMIT CRAB FOOD AND ENRICHMENT
Shells
As hermit crabs grow, they regularly change shells to accommodate their increasing size. If they don’t have properly sized shells, they may be forced to stay in shells that are too small, which can restrict their growth and affect their health.
Each hermit crab has unique shell shape preferences. Some prefer round openings, while others like oval. If they don’t find shells that feel comfortable or fit securely, they may become stressed or refuse to change shells, which leaves them vulnerable to injuries or predation.
Hermit crabs are social and competitive over shells. If there aren't enough appropriate options, they may fight over the limited supply, leading to injuries or stress. A good selection helps reduce competition, ensuring that each crab has options to match its current size and shape preferences.
Having different shapes and sizes allows hermit crabs to switch based on their current needs, keeping them healthier and more comfortable. Purple Pinches prefer round open shells while exotic hermit crabs prefers D opening shells.
So, having 3-5 properly sized shells ensures that each crab has suitable options, reduces competition, and promotes a stress-free, healthier environment.
